| 000 | 16990nam a2203157 i 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | 17161844 | ||
| 003 | KOHA | ||
| 005 | 20220427150706.0 | ||
| 008 | 220417s2017 enkad 001 0 eng d | ||
| 020 |
_a9781932364965 _q(paperback) |
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| 040 |
_aJRZ _beng _cJRZ _dJRZ _dYDXCP _dDLC _dTR-IsMEF _erda |
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| 041 | 0 | _aeng | |
| 050 | 0 | 0 |
_aHE336.P37 _bS56 2011 |
| 100 | 1 |
_aShoup, Donald C., _eauthor. |
|
| 245 | 1 | 4 |
_aThe high cost of free parking / _cDonald C. Shoup. |
| 250 | _aFirst published 2011 by the American Planning Association. | ||
| 264 | 1 |
_aLondon : _aNew York : _bRoutledge, _c2011. |
|
| 264 | 3 | _bCPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY. | |
| 264 | 4 | _c©2011 | |
| 300 |
_axlii, 765 pages : _billustrations, photographs, charts ; _c24 cm. |
||
| 336 |
_atext _2rdacontent |
||
| 337 |
_aunmediated _2rdamedia |
||
| 338 |
_avolume _2rdacarrier |
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| 500 | _a"To Pat" | ||
| 504 | _aIncludes bibliographical references (pages 709-739) and index (pages 741-765). | ||
| 505 | 0 | _aPreface: A progress Report on Parking Reforms. | |
| 505 | 0 | _a1. The Twenty-First Century Parking Problem. | |
| 505 | 0 |
_tPart I: Planning for Free Parking. _a2. Unnatural Selection -- 3. The Pseudoscience of Planning for Parking -- 4. An Analogy: Ancient Astronomy -- 5. A Great Planning Disaster -- 6. The Cost of Required Parking Spaces -- 7. Putting the Cost of Free Parking in Perspective -- 8. An Allegory: Minimum Telephone Requirements -- 9. Public Parking in Lieu of Private Parking -- 10. Reduce Demand Rather than Increase Supply. |
|
| 505 | 0 |
_tPart II: Cruising for Parking _a11. Cruising -- 12. The Right Price for Curb Parking -- 13. Choosing to Cruise -- 14. California Cruising. |
|
| 505 | 0 |
_tPart III. Cashing in on Curb Parking. _a15. Buying time at the Curb -- 16. Turning Small Change into Big Changes -- 17. Taxing Foreigners Living Abroad -- 18. Let Prices Do the Planning -- 19.The Ideal Source Source of Local Public Revenue -- 20. Unbundled Parking -- 21. Time for a Paradigm Shift. |
|
| 505 | 0 |
_tPart IV: Conclusion. _a22. Changing the Future -- Appendix A: The Practice of Parking Requirements -- Appendix B: Nationwide Transportation Surveys -- Appendix C: The Language of Parking -- Appendix D: The Calculus of Driving, Parking, and Walking -- Appendix E: The Price of Land and the Cost of Parking -- Appendix F: People, Parking, and Cities -- Appendix G: Converting Traffic Congestion into Cash -- Appendix H: The Vehicles of Nations -- Afterword: Twenty-First Century Parking Reforms. |
|
| 520 | 0 |
_aOne of the American Planning Association’s most popular and influential books is finally in paperback, with a new preface from the author on how thinking about parking has changed since this book was first published. In this no-holds-barred treatise, Donald Shoup argues that free parking has contributed to auto dependence, rapid urban sprawl, extravagant energy use, and a host of other problems. Planners mandate free parking to alleviate congestion but end up distorting transportation choices, debasing urban design, damaging the economy, and degrading the environment. Ubiquitous free parking helps explain why our cities sprawl on a scale fit more for cars than for people, and why American motor vehicles now consume one-eighth of the world's total oil production. But it doesn't have to be this way. Shoup proposes new ways for cities to regulate parking – namely, charge fair market prices for curb parking, use the resulting revenue to pay for services in the neighborhoods that generate it, and remove zoning requirements for off-street parking. Such measures, according to the Yale-trained economist and UCLA planning professor, will make parking easier and driving less necessary. Join the swelling ranks of Shoupistas by picking up this book today. You'll never look at a parking spot the same way again.--backover. _uhttps://www.amazon.com/High-Cost-Free-Parking-Updated/dp/193236496X |
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| 650 | 0 | _aAutomobile parking | |
| 650 | 0 |
_aAutomobile parking _xEconomic aspects |
|
| 650 | 0 |
_aArchitecture _xLandscape |
|
| 651 | 0 | _aUnited States | |
| 900 | _aMEF Üniversitesi Kütüphane katalog kayıtları RDA standartlarına uygun olarak üretilmektedir / MEF University Library Catalogue Records are Produced Compatible by RDA Rules | ||
| 910 | _aHomer Kitabevi | ||
| 942 |
_2lcc _cBKS |
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| 970 | 0 | 1 | _aContents. |
| 970 | 0 | 1 |
_aAcgements, knowled _pxvii. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tPreface: A Progress Report on Parking Reforms, _pxix. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l1. _tSet the Right Price for Curb Parking, _pxx. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l2. _tReturn Parking Revenue to Pay for Local Public Services, _pxxviii. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l3. _tRemove Minimum Parking Requirements, _pxxxi. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tA Quiet Revolutiob in Parking Policies, _pxxxvii. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l1. _tThe Twenty-First Century Parking Problem, _p1. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Car Explosion, _p4. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe "Commons" Problem, _p7. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSkewed Travel Choices, _p9. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCures That Kill, _p9. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Twenty-First Century Parking Solution, _p13. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_lPart I: _tPlanning for Free Parking, _p19. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l2. _tUnnatural Selection, _p21. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Genesis of Parking Requirements, _p21. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHuddled Masses Yearning to Park Free, _p22. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPlanning without Prices, _p23. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPlanning without Theory, _p25. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tFirst Strategy: Copy Other Cities, _p27. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSecond Strategy: Consult ITE Data, _p31. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tFive Easy Reforms, _p64. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: The Immaculate Conception of Parking Demand, _p65. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l3. _tThe Pseudoscience of Planning for Parking, _p75. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThree-Step Process, _p75. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCircular Logic, _p84. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEstimating Demand without Prices, _p87. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tProfessional Confidence Trick, _p88. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPlanner in Denial, _p89. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParochial Policies, _p92. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tMobility versus Proximinity, _p93. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSystemwide Effects of Parking Requirements, _p94. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Spaces Required for a Chance of Land Use, _p97. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tQuantity versus Quality, _p101. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: An Elaborate Structure with No Foundation, _p111. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l4. _tAn Analology: Ancient Astronomy, _p119. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tA Parallel Universe, _p120. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Muddle Is the Message, _p121. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l5. _tA Great Planning Disaster, _p127. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tBundled Parking and the Decision to Drive, _p128. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDistorted Urban Form, _p129. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDegraded Urban Design, _p136. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHigher Housing Costs, _p141. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParalysis by Parking Requirements, _p153. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tLimits on Homeownership, _p157. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDamage to the Urban Economy, _p157. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHarm to the Central Business District, _p158. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHarm to Low-Income Families, _p165. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPrice Discrimination, _p167. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPrices and Preferences, _p169. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPrecedent Coaqulates into Tradition, _p171. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tAn Analogy: Bloodletting, _p173. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: First, Do No Harm, _p175. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l6 _tThe Cost of Required Parking Spaces, _p185. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHow Much Does a Parking Space Cost?, _p185. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tMontly Cost of a Parking Space, _p191. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tExternal Cost of a Parking Space, _p194. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: The High Cost of Required Parking Spaces, _p200. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l7. _tPutting the Cost of Free Parking in Perspective, _p205. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTotal Subsidy for Parking, _p205. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCapital Cost of the Parking Supply, _p208. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tNew Parking Spaces Compared with New Cars, _p210. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tFree Parking Compared with the Cost of Driving to Wok, _p211. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Subsidies Compared with Congestion Tolls, _p215. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSimple Arithmetic, _p217. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: A Great Planning Disaster, _p218. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l8. _tAn Allegory: Minimum Telephone Requirements, _p225. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l9. _tPublic Parking in Lieu of Private Parking, _p229. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tBenefits of In-Lieu Fees, _p231. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConcerns about In-Lieu Fees, _p232. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHow Do Cities Set the In-Lieu Fees?, _p233. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWhy Pay the Fee rather than Provide the Parking?, _p236. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Impact Fees Implicit in Parking Requirements, _p237. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: The High Cost of Parking Requirements, _p246. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l10. _tReduce Demand Rather than Increase Supply, _p251. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTransit Passes in Lieu of Parking Spaces, _p251. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Cash Out in Lieu of Parking Spaces, _p262. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCar Sharing, _p266. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPolicies Appropriate to Their Locations, _p267. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: Offer the Option to Reduce Parking Demand, _p267. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_lPart II: _tCruising for Parking, _p273. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l11. _tCruising, _p275. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCruising through the Twentieth Century, _p276. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDetroit, _p279. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWashington, D.C., _p280. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tNew Haven and Waterbury, _p281. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tLondon, _p281. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParis, _p283. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tFreiburg, _p283. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tJerusalem and Haifa, _p283. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCambridge, _p284. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCape Town, _p284. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tNew York, _p285. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSan Francisco, _p288. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSydney, _p289. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCruising without Parking, _p289. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: A Century of Cruising, _p290. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l12. _tThe Right Price for Curb Parking, _p295. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tIs Curb Parking a Public Good?, _p296. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTime Limits, _p296. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Right Price, _p297. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tExternal Cost of Curb Parking, _p303. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDemand-Responsive Prices, _p304. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCan Prices Manage Curb Parking Demand?, _p307. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTwo Later Observations, _p314. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: Charge the Right Price for Curb Parking, _p315. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l13. _tChoosing to Cruise, _p321. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTo Cruise or to Pay, _p321. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEquilibrium Search Time: An Example, _p323. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Wages of Cruising, _p324. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tRent Seeking, _p329. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTwo Pricing Strategies, _p330. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tElasticities, _p331. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tA Numerical Example, _p333. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tComplications, _p335. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tIs Cruising Rational?, _p339. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Role of Information, _p340: |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: An Invitation to Cruise, _p342. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l14. _tCalifornia Cruising, _p347. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPark-and-Visit Tests in Westwood Village, _p348. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCheaper Curb Parking Creates More Cruising, _p350. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCruising for a Year, _p351. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSide Effects of Cruising, _p361. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSolo Drivers More Likely to Cruise, _p362. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tMarket Prices Can Attract More People, _p363. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWages of Cruising in Westwood Village, _p367. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPerception versus Reality, _p367. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTurning Wasted Time into Public Revenue, _p369. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: The High Cost of Cruising, _p369. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_lPart III. _tCashing in on Curb Parking, _p377. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l15. _tBuying Time at the Curb, _p379. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tFirst Parking Meter, _p380. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Technology of Charging for Curb Parking, _p382. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tNot Technology but Politics, _p390. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConlusion: Honk if You Support Paid Parking, _p392. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l16. _tTurning Small Change into Big Changes, _p397. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Benefit Districts, _p397. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tA Logical Recipient: Business Improvement Districts, _p401. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPasadena: Your Meter Money Makes a Difference, _p403. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSan Diego: Turning Small Change into Big Changes, _p418. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: Chancing the Politics of Curb Parking, _p464. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l18. _tLet Prices Do the Planning, _p471. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSpace, Time, Money, and Parking, _p471. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Optimal Parking Space, _p473. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tGreed versus Sloth, _p474. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Duration and Vehicle Occupancy, _p475. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Invisible Hand, _p479. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tClassic Monocentric Models, _p480. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEfficiency, _p483. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPracticality, _p484. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEnforcement, _p486. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tBanning Curb Parking, _p489. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWhere Would Jesus Park?, _p494. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tRemoving Off-Street Parking Requirements, _p495. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: Prices Can Do the Planning, _p499. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l19. _tThe Ideal Source of Local Public Revenue, _p505. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tHenry George's Proposal, _p505. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCurb Parking Revenue Is Public Land Rent, _p508. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking requirements Act Like a Tax on Buildings, _p509. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWhat Would Adam Smith Say about Charging for Parking?, _p512. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tRevenue Potential of Curb Parking, _p513. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDivision of Curb Parking Revenue, _p519. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tSimilarity to Special Assessments, _p522. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tProperty Values, _p523. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tAn Analogy: Congestion Pricing, _p523. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tAppropriate Public Claimants, _p527. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Increment Finance, _p528. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEquity, _p530. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tOpportunity Cost of Curb Parking, _p539. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEconomic Development, _p540. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tMonopoly, Free Parking, and Henry George, _p543. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConclusion: The High Cost of Bundled Parking, _p575. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l21. _tTime for a Paradigm Shift, _p579. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Requirements as a Paradigm, _p580. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tRetrofitting America, _p582. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tAn Illustration: Advising the Mayor, _p583. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tA New Style of Planning, _p584. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_lPart IV: _tConclusion, _p587. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_l22. _tChanging the Future, _p589. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCurb Parking as a Commons Problem, _p590. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEnormous Parking Subsidies, _p591. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tUnintented Consequences, _p592. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEnclosing the Commons, _p594. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPublic Property, Not Private Property, _p595. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCommons, Anticommons, and the Liberal Commons, _p596. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPublic Property, Not Private Property, _p595. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCommons, Anticommons, and the Liberal Commons, _p596. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPublic Property, but without Open Access, _p599. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tOther Commons Problems, _p600. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tTwo Futures, _p601. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThree Reforms, _p602. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendix A: The Practice of Parking Requirements, _p607. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThree Steps in Setting a Parking Requirement, _p608. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_t662 Land Uses, _p609. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_t216 Bases, _p610. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tConvergence to the Golden Rule, _p612. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Requirements and Regional Culture, _p614. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tParking Requirements and Parking Technology, _p614. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tWhat Went Wrong?, _p617. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendix B: Nationwide Transportation Surveys, _p621. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tDrivers Park Free for 99 Percent of All Automobile Trips, _p621. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCars Are Parked 95 Percent of the Time, _p624. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendix C: The Language of Parking, _p627. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendic D: The Calculus of Driving, Parking, and Walking, _p631. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tElasticies, _p633. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tComplications, _p633. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tThe Price of Time, _p635. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendix E: The Price of Land and the Cost Parking, _p643. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tBreak-Even Land Values, _p643. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tLand Banks, _p645. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tCost of Complying with Parking Requirements, _p646. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAppendix F: People, Parking, and Cities, _p649. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tShare of Land in Streets and Parking, _p650. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tPeople and Land: Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco, _p653. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_lAppendix G: _tConverting Traffic Congestion into Cash, _p659. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tUse of the Toll Revenue, _p664. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tEstimates of the Toll Revenue, _p666. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_tIncome Distribution and Political Support, _p668. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_lAppendix H: _tThe Vehicle of Nations, _p673. |
| 970 | 1 | 2 |
_tAfterword: Twenty-First Century Parking Reforms, _p683. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l1. _tSet the Right Price for Curb Parking, _p683. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l2. _tReturn Parking Revenue to Pay for Local Public Services, _p693. |
| 970 | 1 | 1 |
_l3. _tConclusion, _p705. |
| 970 | 0 | 1 |
_aReferences, _p709. |
| 970 | 0 | 1 |
_aIndex, _p741. |
| 999 |
_c29594 _d29594 |
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